Open knowledge for the human body beyond Earth.
Advancing open access to space medicine knowledge for clinicians, researchers, and the public.
Hazards · RIDGE
Radiation
GCR, solar particle events and trapped belts beyond Earth's protective magnetosphere.
Isolation & Confinement
Behavioral health, sleep, team dynamics in small, closed crews.
Distance from Earth
Medical autonomy, communication delay, no rapid evacuation.
Gravity Fields
Microgravity, partial gravity, and the transitions between them.
Hostile/Closed Environment
Atmosphere & CO₂, toxicology, microbiology, noise, dust.
Mission phases
Clinical · for clinicians (draft)
Clinician quick-start
Seeing a patient who flew — or will fly — to space: what to ask, check and refer.
Section 02Clinical section
NASA-STD-3001 in plain clinical language: screening, countermeasures, emergencies, postflight care.
ReferenceStandards quick reference
NASA-STD-3001 Vol. 1 & 2 structure and key requirement IDs, with official links.
Equipment · clinics & kits (draft)
Equipment section
What to stock and why: clinic equipment for pre- and post-flight evaluations, and medical kits by mission type.
Design guidePre-Flight & Post-Flight Clinic
Room-by-room layout and an essential / recommended / advanced build, organized by evaluation domain.
ComparisonMission Medical Kits
Drugs, diagnostics, airway and procedures from suborbital to Mars, and what changes with distance.
Starter topics (draft)
Behavioral Health & Performance in Isolation and Confinement
Psychological, sleep and team-dynamics effects of long periods in small, isolated and confined crews.
Isolation & ConfinementDistance from EarthBehavioral Health & Sleep
SMF-T-0011 · draftOrthostatic Intolerance on Landing
Difficulty maintaining blood pressure when upright after return to gravity, causing lightheadedness or presyncope.
Gravity FieldsCardiovascular
SMF-T-0006 · draftSpaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS)
Optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal folds and hyperopic shifts observed in long-duration astronauts.
Gravity FieldsHostile/Closed EnvironmentNeuro-ophthalmicNeurological & Cognitive
SMF-T-0009 · draftSpaceflight Bone Loss
Unloading in microgravity drives loss of bone mineral, particularly at weight-bearing sites, with incomplete recovery after return.
Gravity FieldsMusculoskeletalRenal & GU
SMF-T-0007 · draftSpace Motion Sickness & Space Adaptation Syndrome
Nausea, malaise and vomiting in the first days of weightlessness as the vestibular system adapts.
Gravity FieldsVestibular & SensorimotorGI & Nutrition
SMF-T-0002 · draftSpace Radiation Environment & Biological Effects
Beyond low Earth orbit, crews are exposed to galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events that are difficult to shield and raise long-term health concerns.
RadiationOncologyNeurological & Cognitive